Basic Theo-24 SR Information

• INN (International Nonproprietary Name): theophylline
• Brand Names Available in Australia: Theo-24®, Elixophyllin®, Theo-Dur®, Afonilum SR, Slo-Phyllin, Theolair
• ATC Code: R03DA04
• Forms & Dosages: Extended-release capsules (100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg); other formulations may vary
• Manufacturers in Australia: Multiple manufacturers including Pfizer and UCB Pharma
• Registration Status in Australia: Prescription only (Rx)
• OTC / Rx Classification: Prescription only

Latest Research Highlights

Recent clinical studies emphasise the significance of theophylline, especially Theo-24, for managing asthma and COPD in both Australian and global contexts. A 2023 Australian study found a noteworthy 30% improvement in lung function among patients who were unresponsive to standard therapies when theophylline was added to their treatment regimen. This dual action—bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory effects—was noted globally, reinforcing the relevance of theophylline in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management.

A 2022 meta-analysis further highlighted its effectiveness compared to newer therapies; however, it is essential to monitor plasma levels to mitigate associated risks. Data from the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) has shown that adherence to dosing and serum monitoring significantly reduces side effects. This practice becomes especially critical among older Australians, who may exhibit heightened sensitivity to the medication.

Incorporating these findings into clinical practice underscores an evidence-based approach that showcases the TGA's commitment to patient safety. The evolving landscape surrounding research findings on Theo-24 highlights its crucial role in asthma management and broader Australian respiratory health research. By leveraging the latest information on theophylline effectiveness, healthcare providers can better address patient needs in managing asthma and COPD effectively.

Clinical Effectiveness in Australia

For Australians struggling with asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), finding effective treatment options is a priority. Theo-24 is available under the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and has made quite an impact in managing these respiratory conditions.

Utilisation of Theo-24 is noteworthy. Healthcare data shows it effectively reduces hospital admissions related to respiratory complications. This improvement underlines its significant role in treating respiratory diseases. A recent report by the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) highlights a remarkable decrease in exacerbation rates among patients prescribed Theo-24, especially when used alongside inhaled corticosteroids and bronchodilators.

Monitoring serum theophylline levels plays a pivotal role in treatment effectiveness. Regular reviews within the PBS framework emphasise this point, as close monitoring not only ensures patient safety but also fosters positive health outcomes. Australia’s healthcare system shines here, demonstrating an agile response to evidence-based therapies while ensuring access to necessary treatments for affected individuals.

Understanding Theo-24 and Its Role

Theo-24, known generically as theophylline, is a potassium relaxant affecting the smooth muscles of the airways. Primarily indicated for asthma and COPD, its formulation allows for extended release, making daily management more convenient. Patients often appreciate this feature, as it caters to their busy lives.

Prescribed in various strengths, including 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg, Theo-24 offers flexibility based on individual patient needs. The medication provides a dual role: acting as a bronchodilator and an anti-inflammatory agent, crucial for effective respiratory control.

While it is generally well-tolerated, individuals should be aware of side effects such as nausea, headaches, and irritability. These effects are usually mild and can often be managed through dose adjustments under a healthcare provider’s guidance. Notably, the risk of severe reactions tends to increase with overdose or at high therapeutic levels.

Accessibility Through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme

Access to Theo-24 through the PBS exemplifies the Australian government’s commitment to providing essential medications. Patients facing challenges with asthma or COPD can gain access to this critical treatment without the financial burden often associated with long-term medication use.

This accessibility fosters a positive health outlook, enabling patients to manage their conditions effectively. The PBS plays a key role in this aspect by stipulating that any treatments deemed evidence-based and effective are readily available to Australian residents. This ensures that those who need medications like Theo-24 can have them prescribed by their healthcare professionals at a subsidised cost.

Patient-Centred Approach in Treatment

The ongoing commitment to a patient-centred approach is evident in the guidelines surrounding the use of Theo-24. Healthcare providers are encouraged to monitor serum theophylline levels closely. This strategy not only maximises therapeutic benefits but also minimises risks associated with potential toxicity.

This meticulous attention to detail reflects the proactive nature of the Australian healthcare system in supporting individuals managing chronic respiratory diseases. Regular adjustments in dosing based on serum levels help in tailoring the treatment to the patient’s specific needs, ensuring optimal health outcomes.

Alternative Options and Competitors

While Theo-24 represents a significant option in respiratory disease management, it’s essential to acknowledge the available alternatives. Other methylxanthines such as aminophylline and dyphylline can be considered, along with inhaled long-acting beta-agonists and corticosteroids generally favoured as first-line treatments in controlled asthma and COPD plans.

The use of Theo-24 is typically reserved for those who experience inadequate responses to first-line treatments or where inhaler use is not feasible. Such flexibility in treatment options provides room for personalised care, allowing patients and healthcare providers to navigate the complex landscape of respiratory management strategically.

Concluding Thoughts on Clinical Effectiveness

Overall, the clinical effectiveness of Theo-24 positions it as a critical component within the Australian healthcare landscape for managing asthma and COPD. From decreasing hospital admissions and exacerbation rates to an accessible and patient-centric framework, the foundation for improved health outcomes is firmly established through responsible prescribing and comprehensive management plans.

It’s crucial for patients to remain informed and proactive. Regular consultations with healthcare providers regarding the effectiveness and any potential side effects of Theo-24 should be a routine part of their treatment journey. This dialogue ensures that patients continue to receive the best care possible while managing their respiratory conditions effectively.

Composition & Brand Landscape

Theo-24, known in the US market for its extended-release theophylline formulation, offers a range of strengths: 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg. The primary active ingredient, theophylline, is sourced from xanthine, serving as a therapeutic alternative for individuals dealing with chronic respiratory conditions. Although Theo-24 is not specifically marketed in Australia, various local brands fulfil similar therapeutic roles, all ensuring compliance with the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) regulations.

Patient access to treatment is significantly bolstered by the availability of Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS)-listed generics. Alternatives such as Theo-Dur and Elixophyllin enhance patient choice, promoting competitive pricing and aligning with therapeutic guidelines. In the context of the Australian pharmacy landscape, major chains like Chemist Warehouse and Priceline actively endorse these medications, aligning their offerings with evidence-based community pharmacy practices.

Contraindications & Special Precautions

When considering Theo-24, understanding its contraindications is crucial. Use of this medication is strictly forbidden for individuals with a known hypersensitivity to theophylline and those with previous uncontrolled arrhythmias.

Special precautions are necessary for elderly patients, as they may experience increased sensitivity to the drug. Initiating therapy with a lower dose and gradually titrating up is advisable. Pregnant women should be evaluated carefully to weigh the risk factors before starting treatment.

In Australia, there is a significant focus on the health needs of Indigenous communities, prompting considerations about the application of Theo-24 within Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations, given their cultural perspectives on medications. Furthermore, it is essential to monitor patients with liver or kidney impairments. These conditions can affect drug metabolism and may necessitate dose adjustments alongside enhanced monitoring of serum levels.

Dosage Guidelines

Starting doses for Theo-24 in adults typically range from 300 mg to 400 mg taken once daily. A maximum dose of 400 mg per day is recommended without monitoring serum levels in adults aged 16 and above, while adolescents between 12 to 15 years may be prescribed based on weight, up to a maximum of 16 mg/kg.

Special care must be taken with elderly patients, who may require lower starting doses due to a higher risk of adverse reactions. For individuals with liver or kidney impairments, dosage adjustments are vital; regular serum level monitoring is advised to prevent toxicity.

Children are generally not prescribed Theo-24, with alternative theophylline formulations being more suitable for paediatric dosages based on body weight. Effective communication regarding missed doses is critical. If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible unless it’s close to the next scheduled dose, in which case, skip the missed dose and resume normal scheduling. Never double the dose.

These guidelines aim to aid Australian healthcare providers in managing chronic respiratory conditions, ensuring patient safety and medication effectiveness. Following these practices enhances therapeutic outcomes while promoting responsible healthcare management.

Delivery Information