Obesity is a chronic medical condition characterised by excessive body fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. According to the World Health Organisation, adults are classified as overweight with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25-29.9 kg/m², whilst obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 kg/m² or higher. Severe obesity occurs when BMI exceeds 35 kg/m². In Australia, approximately 67% of adults are overweight or obese, with obesity rates continuing to rise across all age groups, making it one of the country's most significant public health challenges.
Obesity significantly increases the risk of numerous serious health conditions. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading concern, with obesity contributing to high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol levels, and increased risk of heart attack and stroke. Type 2 diabetes is closely linked to excess weight, with obesity being the primary modifiable risk factor. Additional complications include sleep apnoea, which affects breathing during sleep, joint problems due to increased mechanical stress, and reduced mobility that can impact quality of life.
Multiple factors contribute to obesity development, including genetic predisposition, which can account for 40-70% of an individual's susceptibility. Lifestyle factors such as poor dietary choices, sedentary behaviour, and inadequate sleep patterns play crucial roles. Environmental influences including food accessibility, socioeconomic status, and built environments also impact weight management. Certain medical conditions and medications can contribute to weight gain, making professional medical assessment essential for effective treatment planning.
The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) has approved several prescription medications for weight management in Australia. Orlistat (Xenical) works by blocking approximately 30% of dietary fat absorption in the intestines, requiring adherence to a reduced-calorie, low-fat diet. Liraglutide (Saxenda) is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that slows gastric emptying and reduces appetite through brain signalling pathways. Phentermine acts as an appetite suppressant by affecting neurotransmitters in the brain that control hunger and satiety.
Weight management medications employ different mechanisms to support weight loss efforts. Fat absorption inhibitors like orlistat prevent the body from absorbing dietary fats, which are then eliminated naturally. Appetite suppressants work on brain chemistry to reduce food cravings and increase feelings of fullness. Metabolic enhancers can improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Some newer treatments combine multiple approaches for enhanced effectiveness, always working best when combined with lifestyle modifications including diet and exercise.
Prescription weight management medications in Australia are typically reserved for individuals with a BMI of 30 kg/m² or higher, or those with a BMI of 27 kg/m² or above who have weight-related health conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or sleep apnoea. A comprehensive medical assessment is required, including evaluation of medical history, current medications, and potential contraindications. Certain conditions such as pregnancy, eating disorders, or specific cardiovascular conditions may preclude the use of weight management medications, emphasising the importance of professional medical supervision.
Australian pharmacies stock a comprehensive range of over-the-counter weight management products designed to support your health journey. These solutions work best when combined with proper diet and exercise, offering additional support for those seeking to manage their weight effectively.
Natural supplements have gained popularity among Australians seeking plant-based weight management support. Garcinia cambogia products contain hydroxycitric acid, whilst raspberry ketones are marketed for their potential metabolic benefits. African mango extract and glucomannan supplements offer alternative approaches, with glucomannan being a natural fibre that expands in the stomach to promote feelings of fullness.
Always read product labels carefully and understand that supplement claims require careful evaluation. Be aware of potential interactions with existing medications, particularly blood thinners and diabetes medications. Consult your pharmacist or GP before starting any weight management supplement, especially if you have underlying health conditions or take prescription medications.
Effective weight management often requires professional medical oversight to ensure safe and sustainable results. Your GP can provide essential monitoring throughout your weight loss journey, including regular health assessments and blood test monitoring to track progress and identify any potential complications. When necessary, specialist referrals to endocrinologists, dietitians, or bariatric specialists may be recommended for complex cases requiring specialised care.
Sustainable weight management extends beyond medication and supplements to encompass comprehensive lifestyle changes. Access dietary counselling resources through qualified nutritionists and dietitians who understand Australian dietary guidelines. Exercise program integration should be gradual and medically supervised when necessary. Behavioural therapy options help address underlying eating patterns, whilst support groups provide ongoing motivation and community connection essential for long-term success.
Effective weight loss requires consistent monitoring and realistic goal setting. Australian health guidelines recommend aiming for a gradual weight loss of 0.5-1kg per week for sustainable results. Modern tracking techniques include digital scales, body composition monitors, and smartphone applications that help record daily progress. Regular measurements should encompass weight, body measurements, and non-scale victories such as improved energy levels and clothing fit.
Healthcare professionals typically recommend adjusting treatment plans every 4-6 weeks based on progress indicators. If weight loss plateaus or becomes slower than expected, modifications to medication dosages, dietary plans, or exercise routines may be necessary under medical supervision.
Orlistat, commonly prescribed in Australia, may cause gastrointestinal effects including oily stools, flatulence, and urgent bowel movements. These effects can be minimised by following a low-fat diet and taking a multivitamin supplement. Appetite suppressants may cause side effects such as dry mouth, insomnia, or mood changes. Managing nausea and digestive issues often involves taking medications with food and staying well-hydrated.
Patients should contact their healthcare provider immediately if experiencing severe side effects, persistent nausea, signs of gallbladder problems, or any concerning symptoms that interfere with daily activities.
Comprehensive obesity management in Australia involves a multidisciplinary approach. Community pharmacists provide essential counselling services, medication management, and ongoing support throughout your weight loss journey. Accredited dietitians help develop personalised meal plans, while exercise physiologists design safe, effective fitness programs tailored to individual capabilities and health conditions.
Psychological support plays a crucial role in addressing emotional eating patterns and maintaining long-term motivation. Many Australians benefit from working with psychologists who specialise in weight management and behavioural change strategies.
Several weight management medications are available through the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), making treatment more affordable for eligible patients. Medicare covers consultations with GPs and specialists, while some private health insurance plans include coverage for dietitian consultations and psychology sessions.
Australia offers numerous community-based weight management programs through local councils, community health centres, and fitness facilities. Online platforms provide additional support, including meal planning tools, exercise videos, and peer support networks. Educational resources from the Australian Government Department of Health and reputable organisations help maintain ongoing motivation and accountability throughout your weight management journey.
